The insulin-like growth factors, isolated from plasma, are structurally and functionally related to insulin but have a much higher growth-promoting activity. May be a physiological regulator of [1-14C]-2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) transport and glycogen synthesis in osteoblasts. Stimulates glucose transport in bone-derived osteoblastic (PyMS) cells and is effective at much lower concentrations than insulin, not only regarding glycogen and DNA synthesis but also with regard to enhancing glucose uptake. May play a role in synapse maturation. Ca(2+)-dependent exocytosis of IGF1 is required for sensory perception of smell in the olfactory bulb. Acts as a ligand for IGF1R. Binds to the alpha subunit of IGF1R, leading to the activation of the intrinsic tyrosine kinase activity which autophosphorylates tyrosine residues in the beta subunit thus initiatiating a cascade of down-stream signaling events leading to activation of the PI3K-AKT/PKB and the Ras-MAPK pathways. Binds to integrins ITGAV:ITGB3 and ITGA6:ITGB4. Its binding to integrins and subsequent ternary complex formation with integrins and IGFR1 are essential for IGF1 signaling. Induces the phosphorylation and activation of IGFR1, MAPK3/ERK1, MAPK1/ERK2 and AKT1.

1. Data suggest caloric restriction modifies response of ovarian granulosa cells to leptin on cell proliferation/apoptosis, MAP kinase signaling, and release of hormones (estradiol and IGFI). The caloric restriction studies were conducted in rabbits; then, isolated rabbit granulosa cells were exposed to recombinant human leptin. (IGF1 = insulin-like growth factor I) PMID: 27894742
2. Intraplacental gene therapy with Ad-IGF-1 corrects naturally occurring rabbit model of intrauterine growth restriction. PMID: 25738403
3. Our studies demonstrate that the active SVCT2 is expressed in IVD cells and that the expression of this transporter is regulated by growth factors IGF-1 and dexamethasone. PMID: 23415019
4. increased endogenous IGF1 and IGF2 expression by the blastocyst compensates for the loss of systemic insulin and IGF. PMID: 22465205
5. IGF1 showed a significantly higher capacity to form the posterior mesoderm and primitive streak (stage 2 and 3) than blastocysts cultured without growth factors PMID: 21827825
6. Overall, IGF-1 promoted atherosclerosis by affecting endothelial function and aging. PMID: 21219916

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Secreted.

Insulin family

KEGG: ocu:100008668

STRING: 9986.ENSOCUP00000021389

UniGene: Ocu.2125